It is collection of variables / elements all are of same data type and all the variables / elements are referred using a single array name by index number. The variables / elements in an array are stored in consecutive memory locations. Array size says about number of elements in array. Arrays are of 2 types. They were
1. One dimensional arrays.
2. Multidimensional arrays.
One dimensional array Syntax
It consists of one index only.
<Data type> <array name>[size/Index];
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Examples
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Explanation
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| int a[10];
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a = array name
a array size = 10 Elements
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| float b[20];
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b = array name
b array size = 20 Elements
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| char c[15];
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c = array name
c array size = 15 Elements
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Initialization of one dimensional array
Giving values to array elements is called as Initialization of one dimensional array.
Example
int a[3]={10,20,30};
| Program to add 3 numbers of an array.
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Output
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#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a[3]={10,20,30}, sum;
sum=a[0]+a[1]+a[2];
printf("\n Sum of 3 Numbers = %d",sum);
}
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Sum of 3 Numbers =60
Explanation
a[0]=10
a[1]=20
a[2]=30
sum=a[0]+a[1]+a[2];
sum=10+20+30;
sum=60
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#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a[3], sum;
printf("\n Enter three Numbers :\n ");
scanf("%d%d%d",&a[0],&a[1],&a[2]);
sum=a[0]+a[1]+a[2];
printf("\n Sum of 3 Numbers =
%d",sum);
}
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Enter three Numbers :
10
20
30
Sum of 3 Numbers =60<
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Passing array as argument to functions
| Sample Program
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Output
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#include<stdio.h>
int arrfun(int n);
void main()
{
int i;
int a[10]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};
i=arrfun(a[3]);
if(i==0)
printf("Number is Even");
else
printf("Number is odd");
}
int arrfun(int n)
{
if(n%2==0)
return 0;
else
return 1;
}
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Number is Even
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//Adds all elements of an array
#include<stdio.h>
int arr_sum(int x[],int);
void main()
{
int a[5]={1,2,3,4,5},i;
printf("Sum is %d",arr_sum(a,5));
}
int arr_sum(int x[],int size)
{
int i,sum=0;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
sum=sum+x[i];
return(sum);
}
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Sum is 15
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Multidimensional arrays
It consists of more than 1 index.
Two dimensional arrays Syntax
<Data type > <array name>[size1/Index1][size2/Index2];
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Examples
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Explanation
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| int a[2][2];
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a = array name
a array size = 2 * 2 = 4 Elements
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int float b[2][3];
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b = array name
b array size = 2*3=6 Elements
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| char c[3][4];
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c = array name
c array size = 3 * 4 = 12 Elements
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Initialization of two dimensional array
Giving values to array elements is called as Initialization of one dimensional array.
Example
int a[2][2] = {1,2,3,4};
Array a
int a[3][4] = {{1,2},{4,5,6,8},{7}}
//Array a
| Sample Program to prints array values with their memory locations.
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Output
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#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a[2][2]={1,2,3,4};
int i,j;
//printing Element values
for (i=0;i<2;i++)
{
for (j=0;j<2;j++)
printf("%d",a[i][j]);
printf("\n");
}
//printing address of each location
for (i=0;i<2;i++)
{
for (j=0;j<3;j++)
printf("%u",&a[i][j]);
printf("\n");
}
}
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12
34
166983644816698364521669836456
166983645616698364601669836464
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